View enhanced pdf access article on wiley online library html view download pdf for offline viewing. Since 2008, severe and widespread tree decline and mortality has been observed at the main growing quercus ilex l. Pdf first report of biscogniauxia mediterranea on english ash in. The pathogen has been considered a secondary invader that attacks only stressed hosts. Pogostol was also isolated from this fungus, and in light of our spectroscopic data, its structure was revised and. First report of biscogniauxia mediterranea on english ash in italy. A new approach in the monitoring of the phytosanitary. Pdf diversity of biscogniauxia mediterranea within single. Spatial pattern and disease severity of charcoal canker in. Preexposure to ozone predisposes oak leaves to attacks by.
Biscogniauxia mediterranea is a xylariaceous ascomycete responsible for charcoal disease, the most frequent disease of cork oak in the mediterranean basin. Oneyearold cork oak quercus suber and turkey oak q. Media in category biscogniauxia mediterranea the following 6 files are in this category, out of 6 total. Biscogniauxone, a new isopyrrolonaphthoquinone compound from. Biscogniauxia mediterranea is a xylariaceous ascomycete responsible for charcoal disease, the. A new phytotoxic hexasubstituted pyranopyran, biscopyran 3, was isolated together with phenylacetic acid 2 and previously isolated 5methylmellein 1 from the liquid culture filtrates of biscogniauxia mediterranea, a major fungal pathogen involved in oak decline in sardinia. However, little is known regarding this fungus in north africa. Isolation of the fungus from asymptomatic tissues varied with tissue type, period of sampling and year. Biscogniauxia canker or dieback formerly called hypoxylon canker or dieback is a common contributor to poor health and decay in a wide range of tree species balbalian and henn 2014. Biscogniauxia mediterranea and obolarina persica are known as two agents of oak charcoal canker in zagros forests causing the dieback of oak trees. Charcoal canker biscogniauxia mediterranea in cork oak. Biscopyran, a phytotoxic hexasubstituted pyranopyran produced. A collection of monoascosporic cultures isolated from single.
Biscogniauxia mediterranea, botryosphaeria stevensii. Diversity of biscogniauxia mediterranea within single. Pathogenicity of fungi isolated from quercus suber in. The plant doctor biscogniauxia hypoxylon dieback of. Biscogniauxia mediterranea was the most frequently isolated fungus. Portugal due to its high environmental, social, and econom ical value. Pdf in july 2010, extensive decline of english ash fraxinus excelsior l. Diversity and antifungal activity of the endophytic fungi associated with the native medicinal cactus opuntia humifusa cactaceae from the united states. To our knowledge, this is the first report of canker disease caused by biscogniauxia mediterranea on erica multiflora in tunisia. Biscogniauxia species are known plant pathogens, which typically are bark parasites and are able to degrade major components of the wood, cellulose and lignin. Biscogniauxia is a genus of fungi in the family xylariaceae. It is widely used in medicine because of its effective antiviral. First report of charcoal disease of oak biscogniauxia mediterranea on quercus spp. All fungi fungi and lichens of great britain and ireland.
Pdf first report of charcoal disease of oak biscogniauxia. Guaiane sesquiterpenes from biscogniauxia nummularia. Biscogniauxia mediterranea summary stroma erumpent through bark, 2070 mm long and 540 mm broad, 0. The effects of charcoal disease agent pathogens on the growth and physiological response of two. Xylaranone, a previously unreported guaiane sesquiterpene along with the known terpenoid xylaranol b and the two mellein derivatives 3,5dimethyl8methoxy3,4dihydroisocoumarin and 3,5dimethyl8hydroxy3,4dihydroisocoumarin were isolated from biscogniauxia nummularia.
First report of biscogniauxia mediterranea causing canker on erica. Pdf first report of biscogniauxia mediterranea on english. Mar 16, 2020 biscogniauxia mediterranea was recently reported on erica multiflora l. Diversity of biscogniauxia mediterranea within single stromata. Erica multiflora is one of the most valuable plants in the mediterranean region.
Response of endophytic biscogniauxia mediterranea to. Oct 25, 2016 biscogniauxia mediterranea causes charcoal disease on quercus castanifolia, q. To this purpose, two specific primers med1 and med2 were designed by comparison of sequences comprised between its1 and its4 generic primers of 21 isolates of b. Endophytic behaviour of biscogniauxia mediterranea, the causal agent of charcoal disease of oak, was studied over two growing seasons on quercus cerris in a forest in central italy. Molecular diagnostics of biscogniauxia mediterranea, the causal agent of charcoal rot disease on oak using speciesspecific primers. This report introduces wild almond amygdalus scoparia as a new host species for b. Molecular phylogenetic studies within the xylariaceae based. Kuntze occurred in the clusters away from the dead trees.
This disease is caused by several species of fungi in the genus biscogniauxia formerly hypoxylon. Diversity of biscogniauxia mediterranea within single stromata on cork oak. Biscogniauxone, a new isopyrrolonaphthoquinone compound. After 30 days, necrotic lesions developed on all inoculated tissues.
Other species also cause canker under specific conditions. Pdf factors affecting the dispersion of biscogniauxia. In portugal, this disease is widespread on adult declining trees but nowadays it increasingly affects young trees and exhibits atypical symptoms, leading to the hypothesis that some change in the fungus may have occurred. Pdf caratterizzazione delle comunita fungine endofitiche. Biscogniauxia dieback formerly called hypoxylon canker or dieback is a common cause of oak dieback in mississippi. Biscogniauxia mediterranea associated with cork oak quercus. Dec 24, 2001 view enhanced pdf access article on wiley online library html view download pdf for offline viewing. Isolation of the fungus from asymptomatic tissues varied. Biscopyran, a phytotoxic hexasubstituted pyranopyran produced by. Charcoal canker, caused by the fungus biscogniauxia mediterranea, is one of the most frequent diseases of cork oak in portugal.
Biscogniauxia mediterranea is well known as the causative agent of charcoal canker in cork oak and is a serious problem in portugal. Research article diversity of biscogniauxia mediterranea. The properties and the production of new metabolites from the fungal strain lf657 isolated from the herodotes deep 2800 m depth in the mediterranean sea are reported in this study. This is the first report on the morphological and genetic diversity of b. The journal publishes papers that describe translational and applied research focusing on practical aspects of disease diagnosis, development, and management in agricultural and horticultural crops. Colony of biscogniauxia mediterranea strain lf657 grown on wickerham agar 26 c, 10 days. Seven days colonies on pda of monoascospores isolates of biscogniauxia mediterranea from the stromas a and b surface and reverse.
The present work reports the development of a pcr assay to detect the ascomycete biscogniauxia mediterranea in asymptomatic tissues of quercus cerris. Pdf molecular diagnostics of biscogniauxia mediterranea. Realtime pcr, based on taqman chemistry, was used to detect biscogniauxia mediterranea, a fungal pathogen that after a long endophytic phase may cause charcoal disease in oak trees. Table of contents page 2 journal of mycology hindawi. Wu, bin, wiese, jutta, schmaljohann, rolf and imhoff, johannes f.
Realtime pcr detection of biscogniauxia mediterranea in. Growth and physiological responses of quercus brantii. A er h the ascospores discharges on the dishes were collected, and single ascospores. Isocoumarins and dihydroisocoumarins from the endophytic. Biscogniauxia mediterranea is reported from africa, central america, europe, u. First report of charcoal disease caused by biscogniauxia. Diversity of biscogniauxia mediterranea within single stromata on. An endophytic fungus biscogniauxia capnodes was isolated from a popular edible fruit averrhoa carambola. The fungus was fermented in potato dextrose broth for 3 weeks, and then the culture broth and mycelium were extracted with ethyl acetate. The fungus develops endophytically in the hosts becoming pathogenic under stress conditions. Biscogniauxia mediterranea associated with cork oak. Development of a polymerase chain reaction pcr assay for. First report of biscogniauxia mediterranea causing canker on.
The genus biscogniauxia, a member of the family xylariaceae, has a worldwide distribution with over 50 taxa recognised. This disease, caused by either of two fungi, biscogniauxia atropunctata or b. Plant disease is the leading international journal for rapid reporting of research on new, emerging, and established plant diseases. The genus was circumscribed by otto kuntze in 1891. Jun 17, 2019 control branches received sterile agar plugs. Jan, 2016 biscogniauxia mediterranea is one of the most frequent fungal pathogens involved in cork oak decline in the mediterranean basin, causing charcoal canker. A new isopyrrolonaphthoquinone with inhibitory activity against glycogen synthase kinase gsk3.
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